英语四级翻译练习题:书法

  书法(calligraphy)在中国的传统艺术领域占有非常重要的位置。书法已经历时2000多年了。它有五种主要的书写方式,每种都有不同的书写技法。练习书法需要文房四宝(FourTreasures of the Study)。书法被认为是一种需要内心平静的艺术形式。今天,尽管出现了各种各样的现代书写方式,但人们仍然经常将书法作为一种业余爱好进行练习。如今,书法在西方也越来越受欢迎。

  参考翻译:

  In China,calligraphy occupies a very importantposition in the field of traditional art.Calligraphyhas a history lasting for more than 2,000years.There are five main ways of writing and eachneeds different techniques.To practice calligraphyrequires the Four Treasures of the Study.Calligraphy is considered to be an art form requiringinner peace.Today,although various modern ways of writing have come up,calligraphy is stillpracticed often as a hobby.Nowadays,it has also become more and more popular amongwesterners.

  1.书法在中国的传统艺术领域占有非常重要的位置:“书法”译为calligraphy;“占有”可译为occupy,occupy常用的短语还有occupy oneself in,意为“从事于;位置”和“领域”有不同的含义,分别可译为position和field;“传统艺术” 则可译为traditional art。

  2.书法被认为是一种需要内心平静的艺术形式:“认为”可译为consider,常用的结构是be considered to be…,意为“被认为是…”;“需要”可译为require; “内心平静”可译为inner peace。

  3.今天,尽管出现了各种各样的现代书写方式,但人们仍然经常将书法作为一种业余爱好进行练习:由“尽管...”可知该句可翻译为让步状语从句,“尽管”可用although或though表示,意为“虽然,尽管”,though与although的意思、用法一样,在其引导的句子中,不需要再用but这个连词;“出现”可译为come up,另外它还有“发生;发芽”的意思。

英语四级翻译练习题:孔雀舞

  孔雀舞(peacock dance)是傣族(Dai ethnic group)最广泛流传的古代舞蹈之一,同时也是傣族最受喜爱的舞蹈。对傣族来说,孔雀象征着好运、幸福、美丽和诚实,所以跳孔雀舞是为了歌颂美好的生活,表达对幸福生活的美好的祝愿。孔雀舞主要在傣历的新年-泼水节(the Water-splashingFestival)、关门节(the Gate Closing Festival)、开门节(the Gate Opening Festival)和一些重要的宗教活动上表演。他们通过跳优雅的孔雀舞来祈求和平与幸福。

  参考翻译:

  The peacock dance is one of the most wide-spread ancient dances and also the best-loved dance of the Dai ethnic group.To the Dai people, the peacock is a symbol of good luck, happiness, beauty and honesty.So to perform this dance is to present a eulogy of good life and express good wishes for a happy life.It is mostly performed on the New Year (Water-splashing Festival) of the Dai calendar, at the Gate Closing Festival,the Gate Opening Festival and some important religious events.They pray for peace and happiness with graceful peacock dancing.

  1.孔雀舞是傣族最广泛流传的古代舞蹈之一:“最广泛流传的”可用the most wide-spread表示,spread意为“传播”,wide-spread意为“广泛传播的”;“傣族”可译为Daiethnic group。

  2.对傣族来说,孔雀象征着好运、幸福、美丽和诚实:“对傣族族来说"可译为to the Dai people,因上文有“傣族”的全称,故此处可以简写,也可译为for the Dai people; “象征着”可以理解为“是…的象征”,故可以用be asymbol of:..来表示。

英语四级翻译练习题:刺绣

  刺绣(embroidery)是用针和线或纱线(yarn)在织物或其他材料上进行装饰的手工艺。刺绣最常用在无檐帽、有檐帽、外套、毛毯、礼服衬衫、长筒袜、髙尔夫球衫上。令人感到吃惊的是:在刺绣的发展过程中,从起初到后来更精美的阶段,让人感觉不到也说不出来有什么材质或技术的变化。另一方面,我们发现后来很少能达到早期作品中的技术成就和髙水准的工艺。

  参考翻译:

  Embroidery is the handicraft of decorating fabric orother materials with needle and thread or yarn.It ismost often used on caps, hats, coats, blankets, dressshirts, stockings, and golf shirts.It is a striking factthat in the development of embroidery there are nochanges of materials or techniques which can be felt or interpreted as advances from aprimitive to a later, more refined stage.On the other hand, we find a technicalaccomplishment and high standard of craftsmanship in early works are rarely attained in latertimes.

  1.令人感到吃惊的是在刺绣的发展过程中,从起初到后来更精美的阶段,让人感觉不到也说不出来有什么材质或技术的变化:“令人感到吃惊的是”可以理解为“这是一个令人吃惊的事实”,即It is a striking fact that...,后跟fact的同位语从句;“在...发展过程中”可用in the development of表示;“从起初到后来更精美的阶段可用from…to...短语,即as advances from a primitive to a later, more refined stage; “让人感觉不到也说不出来有什么材质或技术的变化,这个句子包含了一个定语从句,主句是there are no changes of materials or techniques,后跟which引导的定语从句;“说出”即“解释、说明”,可译为interpret,其同义词有:account、translate。

  2.另一方面,我们发现后来很少能达到早期作品中的技术成就和高水准的工艺:“另—方面”可译为on the other hand;“技术成就”可译为technical accomplishment;“高水准的工艺”可译为high standard of craftsmanship。

英语四级翻译练习题:瓷器

  瓷器(porcelain)是一种由精选的瓷土(porcelain clay)或瓷石(pottery stone)、通过工艺流程制成的物件。尽管瓷器由陶器(pottery)发展而来,然而它们在原料、轴(glaze)、烧制温度方面都是不同的。比起陶器,瓷器质地更坚硬,器身更通透,光泽也更好。瓷器在英语里叫做china,因为第一件瓷器就是在中国制造的。瓷器促进了中国和外部世界之间的经济文化交流,并深刻地影响着其他国家的传统文化和生活方式。

  参考翻译:

  Porcelain is a material made from well-chosenporcelain clay or pottery stone throughtechnological processes.Although porcelain isdeveloped from pottery,the two are different in rawmaterial, glaze and firing temperature.Comparedwith pottery, porcelain has tougher texture,more transparent body and finer luster.It iscalled china in English because it was first made in China.Porcelain promotes economic andcultural exchanges between China and the outside world, and also profoundly influences thetraditional culture and lifestyle of other countries.

  1.瓷器是一种由精选的瓷土或瓷石,通过工艺流程制成的物件:“精选的”可译为well-chosen,这种well+形容词的构词法还有:well-formed(身材苗条的;结构良好的)、well-trained (训练有素的)、well-built(体型匀称的);“工艺流程”可译为technological processes; “制成”可译为bemade from, from表示不可以看出原材料。同义词组bemade of, of表示看得出原材料。

  2.尽管瓷器由陶器发展而来,然而它们在原料、釉、烧制温度方面都是不同的。比起陶器,瓷器质地更坚硬,器身更通透,光泽也更好:“由...发展而来”可用develop from表示;“原料”可用raw material表示;raw意为“生的;未加工的”,还可构成词组:raw water(生水)、raw coal(原煤)、raw data(原始数据)。“质地更坚硬”即“更坚硬的质地”,可译为tougher texture; “器身更透明”即“更透明的器身”,可译为transparent body。

  3.瓷器促进了中国和外部世界之间的经济文化交流,并深刻影响着其他国家的传统文化和生活方式:该句有两个谓语动词,即promotes和influences,用and连接。“经济文化交流”可译为economic and culturalexchanges。