英语四级翻译练习题：中国人和红色

　　中国人很喜欢红色，甚至称自己为“赤子”。红色在中国象征着权力和喜庆。很多朝代的官服是红色的;在清代，官帽上深浅不同的红色代表了不同的官位。公文的标题通常也用红色，这就是它们被称为“红头文件(red-head documents) ”的原因。另外，用于婚礼的双喜字是红色的。春节期间，老人们 也会给小孩子们发红包，当做新年的礼物和祝福。

　　参考翻译:

　　Chinese and the Color of Red

　　We Chinese like the color of red, and even we callourselves as Chizi, which means a patriot. In China,red represents the power and happiness. Officialrobes of many dynasties were red. In the QingDynasty, different shades of red on the official caps showed different rankings. Headlines ofofficial documents are often printed in red. For that reason, it’s called “red-head documents”. Inaddition, the Chinese character signifying double happiness used for weddings is red. Duringthe Spring Festival, elder people will give Hongbao to the children as gifts and wishes for thenew year.

　　1.赤子:赤子的意思是热爱祖国的人，翻译时，可先用拼音，后补充解释，即 Chizi, which means a patriot。

　　2.官服:可译为official robe,因为古代的官服都是长袍类，如果用clothes 或者uniform都不够合理。

　　3.深浅不同的红色：译为shades of red, shade为名词，意为“深浅;色度”。

　　4.双喜字:按照其字面意思翻译即可，即Chinese charactersignifying double happiness。

　　5.红包:可直接用拼音Hongbao翻译，也可以译为red packet。

英语四级翻译练习题：京剧脸谱

　　京剧脸谱(Peking Opera facial makeup )是具有民族特色的一种特殊的化妆方法。由于每个历史人物或某一种类型的人物都有一种大概的类型，就像唱歌、 奏乐都要按照乐谱(music score ) 一样，所以称为“脸谱”。关于脸谱的来源， 一般认为脸谱来自假面具。京剧脸谱是广大戏曲爱好者非常喜爱的一门艺术， 国内外都很流行，被大家公认为是中国传统文化的标志之一。

　　参考翻译:

　　Peking Opera Facial Makeup

　　Peking Opera facial makeup is a kind of specialmakeup method with national characteristic. Sinceevery historical figure or a certain type of personhas an approximate style, like singing, playing musicaccording to the music score, it's called “facial makeup”. As to the facial makeup's origin, it isgenerally considered that it's from mask. As one of the favorite arts of the traditional operalovers at home and abroad, Peking Opera facial makeup has been regarded as one of thesymbols of Chinese traditional culture.

　　1.具有民族特色的一种特殊的化妆方法:翻译时，若中心词前面有很多修饰语，要确定修饰语的先后顺序，同时也可以修改定语的位置。“具有民族特色的”就可以改为后置定语，译为with national characteristic。

　　2.大概的类型:“大概的”可译为approximate,注意该词的拼写;“类型” 译为type或者style都可以。

　　3.戏曲爱好者:可译为traditional opera lovers。从短文表达语义来看，这个戏曲爱好者也可以专门指京剧戏曲爱好者，故可译为Peking Opera lovers。

　　4.国内外:可译为home and abroad。同时因其所处句子较长，“都很流行” 和前面的“非常喜爱”可进行合并，使译文看起来更简洁。

　　5.标志:可译为symbol、mark或者logo,即表达一种“象征，代表”的意义都可以。 

英语四级翻译练习题：灯谜

　　灯谜(lantern riddles )是指写在彩灯上面的谜语。灯谜一般由三部分组成，即谜面、谜目(hint)和谜底。在灯谜中凡是谜面上有的字，在谜底中不能再出现。 灯谜里充满着智慧，因此猜谜底显得很有趣，这也使得猜灯谜成为元宵节的一项不可缺少的活动。灯谜在中国源远流长，可以毫不夸张地说，灯谜体现着中国人民无穷的智慧。

　　参考翻译:

　　Lantern Riddles

　　Lantern riddles are riddles that are written on thelanterns. Generally, a lantern riddle consists of threeparts, namely the riddle, the hint and the answer.Any character that appears in the riddle cannot bein the answer again. Lantern riddles are full of wisdom, thus working out them can be muchfun, which makes guessing riddles an essential part of the activities in the Lantern Festival.The lantern riddle has a long history in China, and it is no exaggeration to say that it is areflection of infinite wisdom of the Chinese people.

　　1.由…组成：可以译为consist of,也可译为be made up of或becomposed of。

　　2.谜面、谜目和谜底：这三个词如果理解不当就会翻译错误。谜面是该条谜语的主题，也就是灯谜本身;谜目则是附加于谜面之后，为猜谜者划定猜谜范围的提示性语言;谜底即是正确答案。所以可译为the riddle，the hint and theanswer。

　　3.不可缺少的：可译为essential或indispensable。其所在句其实包含了两重因果关系，翻译时，前面第一重因果关系可用简单的thus来体现，后面可用which引导的非限制性定语从句来体现。

　　4.可以毫不夸张地说：有固定译法，即it is no exaggeration to say。

　　5.体现着：根据汉语中多动词而英语中多用名词的习惯，可以把词性转译成名词，即 a reflection of...

英语四级翻译练习题：清明

　　清明是我国二十四节气(the twenty-four solar terms )之一，一般是在每年的4月4日至6日前后。人们庆祝清明节大约始于东周时代，距今已有两千五百多年的历史。清明过后，气温逐渐上升，雨水也增多，表明了这是农民开始安排农耕活动的关键时期。同时，清明也是郊游的大好时节，人们去户外踏青，并开展一系列消遣和体育活动。更重要的是，清明时节也是一个纪念祖先和已故亲人的日子。

　　参考翻译:

　　Qingming

　　Qingming is one of the twenty-four solar terms inChina, typically falling on April 4-6 each year. Thecelebration for the Qingming Festival can be tracedback to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, with a history ofover 2,500 years. After Qingming time, the temperature begins to rise up and rainfallincreases, indicating that it is the crucial time for the farmers to arrange their farmingactivities accordingly. Meanwhile, it is the high time for spring outing, when people go out forfresh air, kinds of recreations and sports activities. More importantly, Qingming is also a periodto honour and to pay respect to one's deceased ancestors and family members.

　　1.始于:可译为trace back to，表示“始于，可追溯到”。

　　2.表明了这是农民开始安排农耕活动的关键时期:该句较长，其译文可采用现在分词作伴随状语的结构，即indicatingthat it is the crucial time for the farmers to arrangetheir farming activities accordingly。accordingly 用 作副词，通常置于句尾，意为“照着做;相应地”。根据对上下文的理解，可在此句的翻译中加入accordingly,用于解释某件事发生的原因和结果。我们在翻译时要注意句式的变化，以避免英语译文的单调乏味。

　　3.开展一系列消遣和体育活动:此处的“消遣和体育活动”与前面的踏青可调整成并列结构，故“开展”可省略不译。