英语四级翻译传统文化练习：筷子

　　原文：筷子(chopsticks)是中国古人发明的一种具有鲜明民族特色的进食工具(tableware)，是反映中国饮食文化特色的重要组成部分。中国人使用筷子的历史可追溯到商代，距今已有三千多年。筷子可谓是中国国粹，既轻巧又灵活，在世界各国餐具中独树一帜，被西方人誉为“东方的文明”。凡是使用过筷子的人，不论中国人或是外国人，都因其使用方便、物美价廉而赞叹不绝。

　　参考译文：The Chopsticks

　　Chopsticks, invented by ancient Chinese people, are a kind of tableware with distinct national features, being an important component that reflects the characteristics of Chinese diet culture.The history of using chopsticks in China dates back to the Shang Dynasty, more than3,000 years ago.Chopsticks, the quintessence of Chinese culture, whose lightness and flexibility develop a school of its own among various tableware all over the world, are praised as "Eastern Civilization" by the westerners.All those people who have ever used chopsticks, no matter Chinese or foreigners, marvel at their convenience, excellent quality and reasonable price.

英语四级翻译练习题：中秋节

　　每年的农历八月十五为中秋节，是月亮在一年中最圆、最亮的一天。中秋节的历史非常悠久。自古以来，历代皇帝都遵循着春季祭日、秋季祭月的传统。到唐代，中秋节开始作为固定节日;宋朝时，这一节日更为盛行。至明清，中秋节已成为一个与春节、清明节和端午节并列的重大节日。在中秋节这天，人们会在月下观赏祭拜，寄托个人情怀。 

　　参考翻译:

　　The Mid-Autumn Festival

　　The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the8th lunar month, when the moon is the fullest andbrightest of the whole year. This festival has a verylong history. In ancient China, emperors followed thetradition of offering sacrifices to the sun in spring and to the moon in autumn. By the TangDynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival had been fixed as a holiday, which became even grander inthe Song Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, it grew to be a major festival of Chinatogether with the Spring Festival, the Qingming Festival and Dragon Boat Festival. On this day,people enjoy the full, bright moon, worship it and express their thoughts and feelings in themoonlight.

　　1.最圆:可直译为roundest,但译为fullest为最佳，月亮最圆的时候，即为满月。

　　2.遵循着…传统:常用follow the tradition来表达。

　　3.祭:指祭祀，sacrifice不仅有牺牲的意思，还可以表示祭品，因此祭日、 祭月、祭祖都可以用 offer sacrifices tothe sun/moon/ancestor 表达。

　　4.到唐代，中秋节…这一节日更为盛行:这两句话主语都为“中秋节”， 故可以用连接词which将两句话连接起来，从而避免重复。

　　5.寄托个人情怀:按照汉语的语义，“寄托”表达的意境比较深刻，翻译时， 可理解为“表达”，即express; “情怀”可译为thoughts and feelings。

英语四级翻译练习题：端午节

　　端午节(Dragon Boat Festival)是中国的传统节日之一，为每年农历五月初五。它与春节、清明节和中秋节并称为中国汉族的四大传统节日。端午节的来源有多种说法，但最被人们接受的是为了纪念著名爱国诗人屈原。这一天的习俗有吃粽子、赛龙舟、喝雄黄酒(realgar wine)等。从2008年起，端午节正式列入国家法定节日，这既有助于弘扬传统文化，又能适应人们的需要。

　　参考翻译:

　　Dragon Boat Festival

　　Dragon Boat Festival is one of Chinese traditionalfestivals. It's on the fifth day of the fifth lunarmonth. It is known as one of the four majortraditional festivals of Han Chinese together withthe Spring Festival, the Qingming Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. A number of theoriesexist about its origins, but the best accepted one is that it's for memorizing the famouspatriotic poet Qu Yuan. On this day, people have the customs of eating zongzi(rice dumpling),racing dragon boats and drinking realgar wine, etc. In 2008, it was recognized as a publicholiday in mainland China for the first time which cannot only help spread this traditionalculture but also meet the need of people.

　　1.农历:即阴历，“农历五月初五”即可翻译为on the fifthday of the fifth lunar month。

　　2.与…并称为:可以翻译为 known as...together with...。

　　3.端午节的来源有多种说法:不要一看见“有”字，就仅想到there are... “有” 也可以指“存在”，翻译时要注意合理的选词及句式的多变。“说法”也可翻译为theories。

　　4.粽子:可译为rice dumpling,也可直接添加拼音标注。

　　5.法定节假日:应译为public holiday。为了精确起见，中国的法定节日可加上地域限制in mainlandChina。

英语四级翻译练习题：茶文化

　　中国是一个文化历史悠久的(time-honored )国度，也是一个礼仪(ceremony and decorum )之邦。每当客人来访，都需要泡茶给客人喝。在给客人奉茶之前，你应该问问他们都喜欢喝什么类型的茶，并采用最合适的茶具奉上。奉茶期间，主人需要仔细留意客人的茶杯里的茶量。通常，若是用茶杯泡的茶，在茶喝完一半之后就应该加开水，这样，茶杯就一直都是满的，茶的芳香(bouquet)也得以保留。

　　参考翻译:

　　Chinese Tea Culture

　　China is a country with a time-honored civilizationand also a land of ceremony and decorum.Whenever guests visit, it is necessary to make andserve tea to them. Before serving tea, you may askthem for their preferences as to what kind of tea they fancy, and serve them the tea in themost appropriate teacups. In the course of serving tea, the host should take careful note ofhow much water remains in the guests'cups. Usually, if the tea is made in a teacup, boilingwater should be added into the cup when half of the tea in it has been consumed; and thus thecup is kept filled and the tea retains the same bouquet.

　　1.一个文化历史悠久的国度：可译为a country with atime-honored civilization。核心词“国度”前的修饰语可采用with来进行关联。

　　2.都需要泡茶给…：可译为 it is necessary to make andserve tea to...此处的分句中原文没有给出明确的主语，所以采用it is necessary to do sth.这样的结构。此处如果采用增译法，可增加主语“我们”或者“主人”。

　　3.奉茶：指提供茶给客人，可译为serve tea。

　　4.在茶喝完一半之后：可译为after half of the tea in it has been consumed。此处的it指代的是cup。为了避免与前文重复，此处可用it来进行替代。

　　5.应该加开水：可译为boiling water should be added。boiling water 意为“沸水，开水”。